Shripari Sahay Rawat

He was the man who gathered the complete historical reccords of Hamirpur District.and a great freedom fighter.introduction will be soon.

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Dewaan Shatrughan Singh.

Charkhari is a part of Mahoba in Bundelkhand region which is the home of many great Indian freedom fighters.The father of the freedom movemrnt in entire Bundelkhand ,Deewan Shatrughan Singh and his wife Rani Rajendra Kumari were two great Indian freedom fighters of Bundelkhand

His father's name was Dewan Sudarshan Singh and his mother's name was Rao Eani Dulaiya who died while Shatrughan Singh was still in her womb. Deewan Saheb had got married in 1914 in his childhood to Rani Kaushlya Devi who was called Rani Rajendra Kumari after marriage. His wife Rani Rejendra Kumari was older than him.According to wikipedia He was born on the 25th of December 1900, four months after the death of his father.But there is a question about his accurate birth date.Their is no mention about it but they were young during 1916 and had a good personality. He met Gandhi in the 1920's and then became his follower.

He has desided the manner of freedom struggle in Bundelkhand after accepting the fact of 'Rathaur Veer Durgadaas' written by Bankim Babu. For the better performance he constructed the group of youths. The assemblies of their group parties were held in forest near the bank of betwa for taking disission against British. He also constructed palaestras in jarakhar for the training of groups.Soon the sentences of palaestras was spread all over the Bundelkhand. He advertise it too.He did many efforts for the Hindu Muslim Unity.The muharram of Rath in 1920 can be a good example in which many Hindu persons including Deewaan Shatrughan Singh had provided assistance to the Muslims Physically and economically.

Deewan Shatrughan Singh and Sripati sahay Rawat bith joined with kongrass in 1919 and became the follower of Mahatma gandhi.That time Dewan Sahib was 20years old.Dewan Shatrughan Singh,moved with his workers in every village and markets of Rath for resisting the forced labor practices and to promote khadi. He encouraged Landlords not to take of Harijans.Dewan Shatrughan Singh established a village named Harijan near Charkhari with the assistance of Shyam Bihari Chaubey.

After the first world war the financial condition of Britishes became bad than the local Zamindars had been invited at the Tehsil headquarters at Rath for donations towards helping their troops.All the Zamindars started offering the money to the Magistrate But Shatrughan Singh refused to give a penny to the British who had enslaved his country.He said his loyalties were with his people and not the imperial power and walked out of the meeting and received a hero's welcome by the crowds who had gathered outside.

He invented a revolutionary secret language for the help of his parties and used it for the distribution of information about freedom movement.He also advocated the Sati case of tola khangaran.Both the couple are credited for inspiring people for the three most difficult Sacrifices called  Graam Daan , Bhoo Daan and Shram Daan. The road connecting Charkhari to Supa in Hamirpur district is a result of Shram Daan.Diwan Saheb offered the entire village of Mangrauth to Vonoba Bhave when he visited the district in early 50's 

The Rani defeated the sitting UP Chief Minister C.B. Gupta in 1958 by-election from Maudaha as an indipendant candidate.Rani Sahiba was the first lady in Hamirpur who avoided the curtain tradition.In the stormy days of non-cooperation Deewan Sahib got sentence for 18 months for breaking rule 144 then Rani Sahiba directed the revolutionaries in Hamirpur District and also break the rule 144 herself.She also inspires bunselkhand's women about Curtain practice (Parda Pratha).Thus they were the main heros of bundelkhand and called bundelkhand gandhi.During the freedom struggle the couple went to jail several times.they were in british jail for the freedom struggle for over 9 years.Dewan Saheb was also well versed in Ayurveda.

Numerous scholers have done phd on the life of this freat indian patriot.There is an annual fair on the birth memory of him held in mangrauth in disember and it is attended by over 50000 people .thus this couple sacrifice everything for the nation and donated their lands to the poors.

Despite being from one of the most affluent families in Central India this couple sacrificed everything for the nation. From December 1975 they are not with us.

They are still remembered as the true leaders who worked selflessly for the nation and for the poor. They continued public service even after independence.He set up several schools and colleges in the district after imparting his own land and money and encouraging others in the process.But it was their our bad luck that neither institutions were named after him or his family members except  only the district hospital of Hamirpur is named after Dewan Sahib after his death.They are now the subject of folk tales and songs that recall their bravery . The Alhaa singers particularly have some beautiful compositions narrating stories from their lives.

Source:Book 'Samae Gatha' by Dr.bhawani Deen Basant Publication Mahoba 1995.

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About This Site

Hamirpur Online is a free guide to provide information about Hamirpur District. It is published by Manoj kumar  as a public informative blog. 

All content in this blog has been researched and written by the blogmaster, After making lots of projects over Hamirpur. With some other persons who have worked in the region for years.

Hamirpuronline, analyze the backwardness, from the geographical, historical, social, cultural, economic and political angles and imparts some facts of this region which are unknown to the public. 

Hamirpur have some peculiar physical environment and climate, Economy is mostly based on insufficient agriculture practices and low level of industrialisation which cause poverty and backwardness.

All the post are written in a balanced and systematic manner. Read (Overview of Content or view Site Map)  to exploration  of content of this blog. A good amount of relevant statistical records and other information is presented and analyzed, with proper credits. I have also collected the stories and life struggle of people's experiences directly from them, or through newspapers like Amar Ujala and Dainik Jagran. Despite these efforts, information provided in this blog is not sufficient.So I am updating it regularly.

Contributions are welcomed. Kindly contact us if you detect any errors or wrong information and other querries, All photographs used in this blog are placed after proper credits.

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Female literacy

Feale, a good subject to note about. ve a much lower literacy rate than men. Far fewer girls are enrolled in the schools, and many of them drop out we have proper evidence that female literacy is attached to overall development in many ways. An educated woman has capability to handle her home and professional life.  Compared to totally women, literate womens can take better decisions regarding number of children in family and usage of family planning methods. On the other hand an illiterate woman totally depends on her husband.

Female literacy 

Low rate of literacy is because of many restrictions against women. However, again it is getting better and better day by day by Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan which was a national mission run by the government of India aiming to offer quality education for 8 years to all the children coming under age group 6 to 14 years. This programmes was pioneered by the Atal Bihari Vajpayee to achieve the following targets: Raja Ram Mohan Ray and Iswara Chandra Vidyasagar were some famous social reformers during the British rule in India who paid their attention towards the women education.

 In urban and semi-urban environments, they are likely to have greater opportunities for earning independent income. Literate women are more likely to seek antenatal and postnatal checkups and observe good hygiene practices.Literate women are also more likely to encourage education of female children.

According to Census 2001, highest female literacy rate was recorded in Hamirpur, Sumerpur,Muskara, Sarila, and Rath.Female literacy was lowest in Binwar among all the Hamirpur villages. Comparison of Surroundings of Hamirpur.

The following programmes have been run For the betterment of the women education.

• Sarwa Shiksha Abhiyan
• Indira Mahila Yojana
• Balika Samridhi Yojana
• Rashtriya Mahila Kosh
• Mahila Samridhi Yojana
• Employment and Income Generating Training-cum-Production Centres
• Programme of Development of Women and Children in rural areas

Here are some factors affecting the women education in India:

•  Malnutrition of the girl child
• Sexual harassment and abuse at early age
•   Lower socio-economic status of parents
• Infections and low immunity power at childhood
• So many social restrictions and taboo in their society.

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Educational points

The district’s most developed village Hamirpur and Bharwa sumerpur  have better facilities in education field.There is Degree college in both the blocks, there is roughly one middle school per three villages Less than 10% of villages in the entire District have a degree college.

One can find a large number of colleges in rural areas in 'developed’ states like Om Harihar Mahavidyalaya, Sumerpur and Swami Nagaji Balika Digree College, Dharmeswar Baba Sumerpur. Census 2001 figures showed that in the entire Hamirpur region with over 250 villages, there were only 15 villages with colleges.

The paucity of higher education institutions is reflected in low percentage of literates with educational attainment above middle school (see table below). Also notable is paucity of technical training institutes.

As a result, a large number unemployed people are in a position to take advantage of any opportunities that would not come by from planned industrial investments, nor do they have the skills to get higher wages in labour markets outside.

The Mid Day Meal scheme, introduced across the country, has certainly led to increase in presence of children at school, but a negative consequence seen across scores of village schools is that all the attention of both the staff and the children is focused on the meal. Practically no teaching takes place after meals are served; in many schools across Hamirpur young children go to school only for the meals.

For the Improvement Several methods  implemented in all  primary schools in the district. The implement  included supply of creative workbooks, desks, Supply School Dress  and sports-kits to transform the school environment, and motivation of parents to take interest in the working of schools.

The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan provides a good opportunity to take forward these experiences. SSA however does not tackle a basic problem faced by poor parents: while primary education is free, there are high indirect costs associated with purchase of uniforms, books and private tuition, to make up for incompetence or disinterest of teachers.

Scholarships for poor/SC/ST children helps meet some of this cost, but a large 'poverty and social monitoring’ survey (PSMS-II) conducted jointly by the UP state government’s Planning Department and the World Bank in 2002-03 found indicated that in rural areas of UP Hamirpur, 50% of poor households did not get this benefit; in urban areas, nearly 90% of the poor were not covered.

The  SC/ST parents face a bigger problem: they are forcibly prevented from sending their children to attend school by upper caste village leaders. Families belonging to social groups that were classified as `criminal tribes’ suffer the most.  Another, more common observation is that children from lower status social groups are routinely made to do unpaid menial tasks in schools. 

As in the rest of India, English-medium  private schools have significant presence in small towns of Hamirpur, and are the preferred choice of all families that can afford the fees. In rural areas, penetration of private schools was low in 2002-03 according to PSMS-II data. Reviewing the data for children from rural households between the age of 5 and 18 years, Only 7% of poor children in villages are going to private schools because there were not enough money to manage the fees.

The number of private schools in rural areas is increasing rapidly.Parents attracts towards Private School because the classes are held regularly, teachers who don’t come to work don’t get paid, or get fired.

Increasing presence of private schools creates two categories of children in villages: one the children who get free meals in schools but little education, and others who get no free meals, but getting better education. Poor households that desire to see their children in the second category will need to increase their monthly income or make an equivalent cut in other expenditure.

Female Education | Basic Education | Higher Education | Employment |

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Festivals Of Hamirpur

Man is a festival-loving by nature, Festivals are imparting enthusiasm, joy and exultation to human being in their lives. Festivals of Hamirpur have its own history.  It has mythological and spiritual importance and these are part of our cultural heritage. Here we discussed some of the most important festivals of Hamirpur.

Kungusua Pune - July or "Aashaadh Shukla Purnima"in every household of Hamirpur brides are worshiped, which is known by "Kungusua". Mother-in-low makes Four Putriya in-wall of the four corners with turmeric for worship and wishes a daughter-in-law like "Lakshmi" (Riches) and the developer of generation. It is true that where there is respect for women, there is God. These sentiments appear in this festival.

Hari-Jot- The month of "Sawan"(August) is the time of this festival. The festival is celebrated like Kungusa Pune, daughters are respected and worshiped.

Nag Panchami - Nag Panchami is celebrated on "Shravan Shukla Panchami"(August). Snakes are worshiped on this day. The hole of snake is also worshiped. Purans Says about the worship of snakes for being not afraid of snakes.

Gngur -This festival celebrates on Month of May "Chaitra Shukla Teej”. Married womens keep fast on that day and worship "Parwati". And "Gangur" are made in "Prasad" which is not for men. Every woman in Hamirpur keeps fast for Good luck from the time of ancient.

Chaiti Pune- This festival is celebrated in May "Chaitra Purnima". Five or seven pots of vessel is colored with lime or chalk and put over them a "Karwa".  Statue of Godess a Pjun-Kumar's made on "Karwa". After filling all the vessels with sweets and laddus Women worships systematically with the story. Then the  boy of that family shakes the vessels and take out the sweets and impart it to the mother. Mom feeds sweet to boy. 

Asmai - This festival is celebrated on June "Dwij of Baisakh". This is for accomplishment of all works this day in a cleaned place an image is made by white sandalwood on battle leaf. And held it over the stomach with four "Kaudiaa”  for the worship. Fast girl seats "Asen" in Oblation. After that the youngest child of the house took the "Kaudies" on the wood plate. People say the story of "Asmai". Retains Kaudiaa for the worship every year

Wat Savitri Vrat - this festival is organized on july "Jeth". Married women went to the tree of Baniyan for blessings and worship it and wishes about her son and husband's health also pray for the continuous pleasure. In Root of Baniyan tree there is Brahma, Vishnu in the middle, the Shiva on the top and the overall is called Savitri. Women’s fulfill the vow by telling the story of "Sati Savitri".

Akti  or akshy Tritiya  - This festival is celebrated on June "Teej of Baisakh Shukla". This is very special festival. It is said that that day was the beginning of the millennium "Satyug". This very day, the valves of the famous shrine Badrinarayan open.

This festival has its own charm. Girls ply game with dolls and boys fly the kites. Girls went for the worship singing “Akti” and return in the evening then distributes Son, wet grams. And women ask her husband’s sister about her husband’s stories with joy.

Rakhi -It is celebrated on the full moon of the month of August. It is a festival of sacred feelings. The thread that ties the sisters to their brothers with full enthusiasm and affection is the chord of love. This is the festival brothers and sister. Brothers give gifts and money to the sisters.

Harchhath - This festival is celebrated On October ("Bhado"). The same day, the elder brother of Shri Krishna named Balram was born. this festival is for those women who have sons. To eat grain from-plowed ground, cow ghee and milk etc. are forbidden. Image of Goddess is drawing on the wall by color.

Kanhaiya-Ate- "Janmashtami" So you know. This festival is celebrated on October. Lord Krishna was born on this day.

Tija - This festival is celebrated October. The worshiper has to keep without drink water. All married women do this fast. Women’s fasts together sing hymns etc. And awake at night.

Risi Paachen - This festival is celebrated on "Bhadon". This is also a festival of married women. Sins which done knowingly or unknowingly will be forgiven.

Mahalakshmi - This festival is celebrated on Ashwani ("Kwaar") or November by married women’s. Mahalaxmi is worshiped along with Elephant. Today women cooks special meals called "Suthera". To bathe in the river or pond is important. There is a living legend of Lakshmi Puja.

Naurta - Girls play Naurata in Hamirpur For nine days. This particular festival is a festival of the girls. Alpana are made on the plateform of every home.

Dasro - This festival is celebrated on November. It is said that when the stars come up in the sky in the evening then produce the name "victory". This is a good time to work. Ram had started the rawan mission on that day. People wish to see "Neelkanth" bird on this day.

Sharad Punima - Kartik Bath starts on this day in entire Bundelkhand.According to mythology, the moon is occupied by nectar and ambrosia that falls at moon night, who enjoys these rays get the lifesaving power.

Dhanteras - Before Deepawali Dhanteras is celebrated. A burned lamp places at the entrance of the house. This day is considered auspicious to buy new pots. It is the day of Yamraj and Dharmraj.

Narak Chaudas-- Disember "Kartik" month, Narak Chaudas is celebrated like a little Deepawali.It is said that Hanuman was born on this day .Hanuman Jayanti is celebrated on this day too.

Diwari -"Diwali" festival is celebrated on November"Kartik”. The day is celebrated with reverence, excitement, joy and purity and "Lakshmi-Ganesha" is worshiped .People were new clothes and eat food, fruit, sweets, nuts and lights the entire house with lamps.

Jawara : jawara festival is celebrated in all blocks with full joy.

All the festival is celebrated with great devotion of faith, which must hides the sense of purpose. Whether it is the overcome of sins, religious, social affection, wish, happy life and good luck, good luck and have a happy life, all wishes exist in these festivals.

Image is shared by jitendra Rajpoot, Rath.

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Hardaul : Hamirpur

In the folk deities in Hamirpur Hrdul is remembered and invited on the occasion of marriages in each family. His pops are remain in villages. "Aashaadh Shukla Ekadashi" is called the "Devshayani Ekadashi".That day the people have prevalence to worship the God from ancient times. That day Hrdul is also worshiped.

 Hrdul was the son of King Virsinh dev Bundela of orchha.when his older brother named Jujhar Singh was seated on the throne of Orchha state. Hrdul, his younger brother had the charge to rule. He then was a unequaled heroic and virtuous person.In Bundelkhand king's younger brother called the Diwan. A sycophant complained to the king Jhujhar Singh that the Diwan (Hrdul) had improper relations with the queen. The words of sycophant seemed true to the king.

It says that wit became opposite during the Problems. Jhujhar Singh ordered his queen to prove their innocence by submitting to Hrdul  tray of poisoning food by her hand.Chastity and dignity of women are soft fabrics .Hrdul was like Laxman for his Brothers wife and he never raised his sight above her feet. So to prove that his brother’s wife is not guilty he drank the poison and  rise above  to human and became the god.Like the day, that day his servent received his stale offerings with them and become divine. Where there is the pops of Hardaul ,also have  the small platform near Hardaul pops. Thus Mehtar Baba became scavenger. Thus, we see the peak of parity in Hamirpur where the servant is also devoted. It is said that at the time of the marriage of the Kunjabai's daughter he gave rice being unobtrusively. Kunjabai was the sister of Hardaul.The material like food and clothing which are given at the time of marriage by maternal uncle is called "Bhaat" or "Cheekat" in folk speeches.

This hearsay is true or not, it cannot be said, but forty years ago when people from Senevdha to Datia were suffering from the outbreak of the epidemic in which hundreds of people were dying, Families were destroying, none body were present to disposal of corpses, that time many families were forced to spend their nights next to Hrdul pops to avoid the destruction of epidemic. The truth of Science was dampened that the cholera is an epidemic.

Thus even a single person the shelties around the platform of Hardaul is not influenced from cholera. While others in the neighborhood people running to the asylum of Hardaul.

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Diwari Of Hamirpur

In the soil of Hamirpur there is still boggled and fixed the smell of ancient traditions. The Diwarii of hamirpur is unique in the country. In this day we follow the difficult resolution related to the security, protection, and development of cow progeny.

The unique tradition of being silent, dancing of Diwari and religious Diwari singing is the main attraction at the festival of  deepawali  in Hamirpur.

 Silent grazier called “Munia” is the major attraction. According to the "Munia" this popular tradition Diwari comes from Dwapar age to overcome adversity and difficulty of life. Gwale keeps a difficult silent. The Mauniya has to maintain this tradition for twelve years. After the thirteenth year of silence, they have to graze the cows in Mathura and Vrindavan on the banks of the Yamuna River to break the vow of worship.

In the beginning Mauniya have to take five peacock feathers and five wings are added every year. Thus in his twelve years he collects Sixty peacock feathers. According to tradition, the people who become Mauniya take a holy bath in River Yamuna On Diwali. Some people go to Yamuna and betaw link by train for take a holy bath and returns with the beat of drums, singing and Dancing to their destination.

In this day Munia wears white dhoti and keeps peacock feather with a flute. Munia do not eat meat and drink etc for twelve years. Munion’s  master keeps them in discipline.

The worship cow (calf) is the first step of Munia in early morning.After that they Up with (Jaykara) to Lord Krishna  and cow then keeps silent for entire day and returns to village  at the evening. Other Mauniys coming from the opposite direction meets with group of the Munion and then distributs lai, nut, Btasa and Gatta to all the devotees. Cows are garnish with color and set them free for grazing in the fields.

In this Festival of light people dances ,sings and play diwari is its unique tradition. Mostly Ahir, shepherd (gadariya),and boatman(kewat) are the good diwari singers.For Example of Diwari is-

"बाबा नंद के छौना' तुमने भली डराई रीति, कातिक के महीना मां घर-घर दीन सूचना,

व देश दीवारी दो दिना, मथुरा बारह मास, नित राही गोवर्धन धरे, कान्हा खिलावें गाय',

The next day, hundreds of Diwari singers play Diwari  with sticks and Bamboo rods painted with oil  in each and every elite door of the village. That is like of war. A man hit by sticks to other person and the other alone defense himself with sticks. Then again,the first person  have to deal with his shots. In between the sound of Bamboo stiks People sings diwari, Dances joyly and enjoys this festivals  

Sometimes people get injured during this tricked play.They are New for this game. But they do not mind, they are bound by traditions. Due to these unique traditions of Diwari Hamirpur identified a specific and unique location in the country.

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Muskara

Muskara is a Tehsil in Hamirpur District District of Uttar Pradesh State, India. It is in the 123 m elevation(altitude) Muskara Tehsil Head Quarters is Muskara town . It belongs to Chitrakoot Division . It is located 55 KM towards west from District head quarters Hamirpur,. 203 KM from State capital Lucknow towards North .Muskara Tehsil is bounded by by Sarila Tehsil towards west , Rath Tehsil towards west , Gohand Tehsil towards west , Charkhari Tehsil towards South . Rath City , Niwari City , Charkhari City , Mahoba City are the nearby Cities to Muskara.

     1.       Chitragupt Inter College.

     2.       Govt. Degree College, Maudaha :

     3.       Rahmaniya Inter College 

     4.       Ramaiya Inter College Madah

     5.       Gic Muskara :

     6.       Sri Heera Nand Inter College : 

     7.       Sh Bhasmanand Int.coll. :
     8.       Sri Govind Bihari Inter Colleg : 

     9.       H.s.school Pahari Bhitari : 

    10.       Sri Sadhu Ram Higher secondary School

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Hamirpur | Rath | Muskara | Gohand | Sarila | Kurara | Maudaha | Sumerpur

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Bharwa Sumerpur

Sumerpur is a industrial Town located 16 KM towards South from Hamirpur. It is surrounded by Bank, Banki, Pandhari, narayanpur, Ingohta and devgawn.

We are sorry that we dont have any information about historical background of this place.

Sumerpur is well known for industries. Industrial area is located near imiliya on Kanpur Sagar road. Which is called national highway no. 86 which gives it road transportation.

Economically it is well known for Leather shoes and Industrialization for sills, soap and steel.

There held a big cattle market on every Wednesday near Post office Bailahi bazar.

For the onlookers Gayatri Tapobhumi is the main attraction of this place. The Fair of Teeja and The fair of Itra are famous in which people from far away came here to see the charms.

Temples situated in Dharmeswar Baba,
Madari Das Baba Temple in Pandhari, Bajarangbali Temple in Chandrapurawa Bujurg, and many other monuments of chandela period are found in this block.

If we talk about education, there are 126 Primary school, 62 higher primary school, 7 higher secondary school, 2 degree collage and a Government girls inter Collage for providing better education to the growing population.

There is also a ‘Naga Swami Balika Digree College’ near Dharmeswar Baba with hostel facility.

List of villages in Sumerpur block.

Sumerpur | Amirta | Atraiya | Atrar | Badagaon | Badanpur | Banda | Badagaon | Bank | Banki | Baruwa | Bhauniya | Bhaura danda | Birkhera | Chandrapurwa bujurg | Chandaukhi | Chhani bujurg | Chhani khurd | Dariyapur | Deogaon | Dhanpura | Dhundhpur | Helapur | Ingohta | Jalala | Kaithi | Kalauli jaar | Kalauli teer | Kalla | Kumhaupur | Kundaura | Mauhar | Mawaijar | Mora Kandar | Mundera | Nadehra | Pachkhura Bujurg | Pachkhura khurd | Pandhari | Para | Patyora | Pauthiya | Sahurapur | Saukhar | Simnaudi | Surauli | Swasa | Tedha | Tikrauli | Ujnedi | vidokhar | 

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Sukhlal Bhai

Jarakhar is located 15 kilometers far from Rath Tahshil.The Lodhi Raajpoots of this tract are well-known for their love towards the nation.A great agitator and the assistant of 'Samar gatha', Sripati Sahay Rawat was born here.Sukhlal Bhai was born in Jarakhar.His father's name was Ram Bharose Ahiewar.He spent his childhood among the Thakuras children.He received a normal education .Sukhlal Bhai was always paid his attention to the nationality.Because his home was between the thekuras thus he got their culture and habits.

On January 1932 he met with Sripati Sahay Rawat in a field late night. Sripati Sahay Rawat requested him to work for the congress.For this purpose the work to distribute the weekly newspaper 'Bundelkhand Kesari' was given to Sukhlal Bhai.He did this work in the full sincerity.He has a good relationship with Deewan Shatrughan Singh and Ram Gopal Gupt.

His friend ram Dayal Kori also with him to distribute 'Bundelkhand Kesari'.Both of them was never be forgotten.

Source:The book 'Samar Gatha' Written by Dr.Bhawani Deen Basant Publication Mahoba 1995.

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Castes Classification.

Traditionally Thakurs, were the biggest landlords of Hamirpur, and have the largest houses and wealth.society in Bundelkhand is stratified by caste.The high percentage of population belonging to scheduled castes (SCs).

Brahmins: who traditionally enjoyed highest ritual status, are subdivided in Hamirpur  mainly as Jajhotias and Kanyakubjas. Both groups are claimed to have come from the ancient city of Kannauj, located along the Ganga in Kanpur division.


Rajput: Also known as Thakurs, their main subdivisions in Hamirpur include Dikhit, Bais, Bundela, Panwar, Chauhan and Dhundera.Rajputs, or Thakurs, were the biggest landlords of Hamirpur.

Vaishyas: who traditionally formed the third-ranking caste group, are subdivided in Bundelkhand as Agarwals, Gahois, Parwars, Agraharis, and other groups.

Kayasths: traditionally scribes, were also in a good position to acquire land, as they were the first social group to understand the intricacies of the land ownership regime brought into force by the British. Of the 12 traditional subdivisions of Kayasths, Srivastavas form the majority.

All these caste groups, come under the 'general' category of castes and constitute around 10-15% of the rural population of Bundelkhand.

OBCcategory: Across Bundelkhand, as in most parts of India, OBCs form the largest proportion of the population.major OBC groups in Bundelkhand are Ahirs (Yadavs), traditionally cattle-breeders and milkmen; Gadariyas, who traditionally reared sheep; Koris (weavers), Kurmis (cultivators), Kachis (vegetable cultivators); Lodhis, who were traditionally landowners and cultivators aligned to ruling families; Arakhs, a martial tribe known for its hunting prowess, Telis (oil-pressers), Sonars (goldsmiths), Nais (barbers), Darjis (tailors), Dhobis (washermen) and Kumhars, or potters.

SC Category: scheduled tribes (STs) and other highly marginalised groups considered 'criminals' during British rule continue to be at the bottom of the social and economic ladder.As in the rest of the country, OBC and SC categorisation varies across MP and UP, and across districts. Dhobis are SCs in UP, but not so in MP, except in three districts. Kumhars are SCs in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna and Tikamgarh, but not in the rest of Bundelkhand.

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Nawal Kishor Gurudeo

Gahrauli ,the center point of Hamirpur revolution 65 km far from Hamirpur head quarter.More than 50 freedom fighters dignified this tract with their superb act.

This sacred region produced Nawal Kishor Gurudeo in 1912.His father's name was Prag Dutt Gurudeo.He married to Kali Devi who was belong to the family of great patriot and freedom fighters Bhagwan Das Balendu Arjariya.Nawal Kishor Gurudeo was younger brother of Mannilal Gurudeo.He took part in every movement held in Hamirpur activily.

He took part in 1940's congress agitation and was sent to jail with penalty of 300 rupees.He watched carefully during Quick India Movement from 10 August 1942 to 6 November 1943.He constructed a new party named Gurudeo Praja Socialist group which was defeated in election against Ram Gopal Gupt .But after Giving Pitition he overcome to Ram Gopal Gupt.

Thus he passed his entire life with bravery .He lived long in his world.Now he is out of world yet his memories lies in the heart of Gahrauli people.(Samar Gatha)

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Manbodhan Singh

There is a village named Patan pur in Maudaha 12 km away from block. This region has given great patriot and freedom fighters like Bhagwan das Dwivedi, Hanuman Singh, Raghuwar and Surajbhan.they made their name glorious in Indian history.Another name is Manbodhan Singh, whose personality and attitude towards mother land could not be forgotten.He was born on 15 February 1901 in Veera village near Bindki district Fatehpur. In the childhood he was connected with the pupil of Dayanand Saraswati and became aarya Samaji. He was trained in Satyrth Prakash. His father name was Baldeo Singh. soon he converted his mind against uncultured system of society due to the connection of Aarya Society.

when he was 15 years old turned against the untraditional style of singing Kaber waani. His voice provide magical effect on people .this he unites the people and turned to freedom movement.he advocated to use Indian made article to each and every village in Hamirpur. He had to face family neglect ion due to his social work struggle.So he made Patanpur his workland accept Kanpur and Ghatampur and started cooperative farming.

He fraught against Zamindars and always progressive for the development of backward classes. His home in Patanpur was famous by the name of 'Daftar'.His wife and son died yet he was aggressive towards freedom struggle. Ram Harsh Singh Chauhan and his wife Hem rani had supported him in his problem and married their daughter with Mannodhan Singh. She was very Supportive. Manbodhan singh was the supporter of Deewaan Shatrughan Singh, Bhagwan Das Balendu, Arjariya, Mannilal Gurudeo Swami Brhmanand and shripati Sahay Rawat. He spent jail terms in Kanpur, Hamirpur and another jails.

He was famous by 'Verma ji' after getting freedom his social service was remain continued by providing Ayurvedic treatment to the poor. His repugnant was also like him .
He was died on 31 March 1983 but there is no work done for the glory of this freedom fighter. If we give the name to Mankraon-Patanpur rout by his name will be the good effort for his glory.

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Bhagwan Das Balendu

A nationalist, poet and the patriot of Hamirpur, Bhagwan Das Balendu was born in Kulpahad Samvat 1964. His father's name was Braj Gopal Arjariya who build a Vishnu temple in Rikhwaha in which three villages had donated their land.

His had done his basic education in local school and also studied Hindi, Urdu and English by self. He also qualified the Sahitya Sammelan Prayag examination. He married in Banaras to Kesari Devi,who later become a good lady patriot of Hamirpur district. His younger sister Bhuwneswari Devi with her husband Nathuram Tiwari also took part in freedom movement bravely.

Balendu was an inherent poet. His poetic works attracted the notice of Pt Shiv Ram Sharma and poet Chaturbhuj Parashar(Chaturesh).They gave him title 'Balendu' Thus he became Bhagwan Das Balendu.
He inspired with Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi and started to write poems related to the national agitations.People inspired by his writings. Mahatma Gandhi was praised his poems too and selected one of his poems as a national collection.

All India literature and culture department rewarded him a title'Martand'. His contribution to India as a freedom fighter is also notable. He directed Hamirpur's cooperative movement in 1930 and was sent to jail with wife. Being absconded Bhagwan Das Balendu distributed the idea of independence in each and every village of Hamirpur. Balendu and Deewan Shatrughan Singh were fast friends.

British polish used many tricks to arrest him. They also announced rs.500 for those who will provide information about Bhagwan Das Balendu. But all the efforts of the British polish was failed.They couldn't arrest him.The continued publication of his writings and poems in 'Bundelkhand kesari' and 'Satyagrahi' made current District Magistrate Mr.Gordon in perplexity. He faced the confiscation of his property by the order of Mr.Gordon. This news spread in Kulpahar, Thathewara.Etaura,Akauna and Rikhwaha but this policy of repression could not make any effect over Balendu.

He was arrested in 1930, 1933, 1940 and also in Quick India Movement.of 1942 .He passed his six years in jail at Hamirpur, Naini, Fatehpur and Fatehgarh. Bhagwan Das Balendu went to the famous Lahore kongress Adhivesion with Sri Pati Sahay Rawat tooas a representive.

Source: Book 'Samar Gatha' by Bhawani Deen Basant Publication Mahoba 1995.

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Rath In Freedom Struggle

Sudarshan Bhai was a teacher in district council and had a close relation with Hari Bhai who was a nationalist. The father of Sudarshan Bhai named Gauri Shankar was related to Bundelkhand Gandhi Deewaan Shatrughan Singh. After some time Sudarshan regined thr post of teacherand joined khadi and recived popularity through khadi..ahe worked for Khadi for a long time in merut, Delhi and Banaras.He also worked in Kulpahar and Rath Gandhi ashram.

In 1932 he had got imprisonment for six months with penalty of 10 rupees due to his participation in civil disobedient movement.His wife Suvidya Devi also took part with other womens of the Hamirpur district and had got imprisonment for six months.Sudarshan Bhai also got penal servitude with penalty during quick India movement in 1942.He is out of world since 1978.

Vindrawan Lal verma was born in Rath in 1902. His education continued untill primary class and had to break study due to poverty. In 1920 in contacted with Deewaan Shatrughan Singh and from then he started service for the country. He began to sing national songs in congress metings for the awakning of general people. Arya Samaj had started a massive movement in 1938 against the Nizam of Hyderabad. In which Satyagrahi began to reach the Hyderabad from different parts of the country. Varma could not resist his feelings and with a group of people wnt to Hyderabad. Where he badly wounded and became a victims of the atrocity. There he got one and a half years of imprisonment. He started hunger strike against prison officials. And the stricke stopped after fulfilling the demands. He sentenced rigorous imprisonment of a year and a fine of Rs100 in 1930 personal movement. Verma ji passed his jail time in Lucknow Camp jail.

In Quit India Movement of 1942 a warrant was passed for him. So he escaped away with his camrades. He come to contact with public group due to the participation in Gowadh movement. after that he accepted membership of communist party. He participated in the Gowa movement. His wife Kanti Devi is also involved in a struggle for Indian freedom . Verma ji also participated in Bhoodan movement.

Ratan lal agrawal was born in Rath on 28 August 1918. His father's name was Munni Lal Agrawal. He joined  Aarya Samaj during his educatinal life. He continued his education till middle class. He endured jail life encluding 6 month penaltyin  1914 during the Personal Passive. His wife Ram Pyri Devi jumped  to the struggle and arrested in Jhansi during the personal passive.She faced first time one month in jail including penalty of two hundred rupees.She also spend six month again becouse of her unability to pay fine.
Ratan Lal Agrawal along with his friend break the salt low. He took membership of socialist party after inspired with Acharya Naeendra Deva . He is no more now.


Gajodhar Prasad Agrawal, the martial of Hamirpur was born and bred in a little village of Hamirpur named Rath.His father Bhairo Prasad Agrawal was a socialist.He converted the mentality of his son Gajodhar towards  social service when Gajodhar was under his childhood.Gajodhar Prasad was called Gajju-Chacha in Hamirpur district.He was a chief assistant of Deewan Shatrughan Singh.He played an exellent role in Indian freedom fight. He passed jail life in 1930 and 1941.Gajodhar Prasad will never be forgotten and always provide inspiration to Indian youth.

Ram sewak khare was born in March 1909 in Rath. His father Mr.Iswari Prasad Khare was a peskaar had claimed in the Department of Material.He was in class seventh when he was got a sudden intake of his father's death.His mother died befor his father.then his older brother named gaya Prasad Khare took the burden of his education.From student life he contacted with Deewaan Shatrughan Singh and Radheshyam Mishra, (convicted in 1929 of keeping the revolver) and began taking an active part in the freedom struggle from Banda.


He first conected with a revolutionary club. Then left in 1930.and accept Gandhian ideology. Ram Sewak Khare was arrested in 1930 .Under the Press Act he was given Rigorous imprisonment of a year. Thus Ram Sewak Khare played a glorius role in Indian Freedom Struggle.He was died on 5 july 1990. His Family Members and relatives is still is  following of his adopted doctrines.

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Irrigation Facilities in Hamirpur

Irrigation of agricultural crop through the Rivers, Dams, Canals and government and non government tubewels.

The rain is uncertain. Precipitation of rain is not throughout the year, it occures only 4 months from June to September while District such as Hamirpur, 64% of cultivated land is dependent on monsoons.
Only 30% of the agriculture area is comes under the irrigated land.

In Hamirpur there is 508  Government Tube wells and 1013 Private Tube wells . 13265 hectare of land irrigated through the govt tube wells while private tube wells provide irrigation for 9660 hectare of land. There are 3097 ponds in the district in which 927 are in Madaha, 498 are in Rath and 682 are in Sarila.

Since the 1990s tube wells have emerged as a major source of irrigation in Hamirpur. Tanks, ponds and wells, were the main resources for irrigation in  during British rule, when dams and canals were built.

A surface irrigation system of around 6800 km of canals, built during British rule, accounts for most of irrigation in the Jalaun, Banda and Hamirpur plains, covering over 300,000 hectares.


However, due to poor maintenance, the canal system built during British rule is out of use.

In 1910, a dam was built across the Dhasan at Lachura, from it irrigates the Hamirpur plain.

Some Dames and canals in Hamirpur which used for irrigation purpose.

1-Dhasan Canal-This canal is origins from the Lahchura dam and Rath is irrigated by it.

2-Arjun Dam Canal-This canal is rises from Arjun Dam and is a good source for the irrigation in Maudaha and Hamirpur.

3-Swami Dayanad Dam-This dam is located at the Gohand block of Hamirpur District over  the barma river.

4-Kabrai Dam Canal-this canal is passed out through the dam of Chandrawal river near Kabrai (Mahoba).

Four other pump canals are used for irrigation 
Patyora pump canal
Bilauta pump Canal
Chhani pump 

The first major project taken up after Independence was the multipurpose Matatila Dam across the Betwa, 23 km from Lalitpur town. With a  length of 6.30 km, height of 33.53 meters and lake area of 20.720 sq km, it is meant to generate power, provide drinking water to many district including Hamirpur.

Source: State-wise abstract of information from village schedule in Minor Irrigation Census 2000-2001. 

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Harnath Singh Yadav

Great patriot Harnath Singh Yadav was born in Jarakhar on 1923. His father's name was Matadeen Yadav. He got the opportunity to listen to the Prmanand who came Jarakher after enduring the chastisement of Kala Pani in 1937. Pt Parmanand's thoughts about Indian freedom turned his mind to the national service.

Pt Jawahar lal Nahru , dr Sampoornanand were prsented on that year in a historical conflux of congress held in Jarakhar. He was the member under congress on that political meeting. He studied in D.A.V college Orai and B.N.B college Rath.

In personal passive of 1940, he got imprisonment of one year with some fine and also arrested during quick India movement when he was in Chennai.

Inspired by the book 'Samar Gatha' by Dr.Bhawani Deen Basant Publication Mahoba

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Visweswar Dayal Pateriya and Saryu Devi

Visweswar Dayal Pateriya was born in Naugaon on 15 march 1906.He was Brahmin by caste His father's name was Pt. Dwarika Prasad was a affluent scholer of Sanskrit and English and his mother called by the name of Rajan Bai.Pt. Dwarika Prasad inhabited Srinagar (Hamirpur)from Naugaon.But after some time they come to mahoba.

Pt.Gaya Prasad Tiwari established an institute called Sanskrit Pathshala in Mahoba for Pt.Dwarika Prasad.That Pathshala now turned into D.A.V Inter College.The role of this college in education is great.

Visweswar Dayal Pateriya recived basic educatin from Srinagar.He passed middle class from Sanskrit Pathshala Mahoba.and Matric examination from Naugaon on 1924.He recived education till M.A with first divison.After that he started to work in D.A.V college in 25 to 280 repees as a teacher and was retired feom this college in 1960.

Visweswar Dayal Pateriya becaome the member of congress in 1929 when Mahatma Gandhi arrived Mahoba and participated activily in Gandhi's movement.Due to this activity the secretry of D.A.V college Mr.Ray Sahib was suspended him.He started to work for national movement with the iron man Rajjab Ali Azad.

Pateriya was arrested in 20 April 1932 and sent to jail for one year with the penalty of ten rupees .Once again he arrested in 24 April 1933. Mahoba court sentenced him 9 months in jail.He passed his jail life in Hamirpur and Faijabad jail.

A warrant was passed against him on 1942 but British police was unable to catch him .His wife Saryudevi Pateriya also Sentenced for two months and after it six months in 1932.She passed this punishment in Hamirpur and Banaras Jail.Mr.Pateriya was also the member of district council in 1948 to 1951.This couple worked for the awakening of masses in their entire life.

Source:the book 'Samar Gatha'written by Dr.Bhawani deen Basant Publication Mahoba

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Hamirpur Females in freedome struggle.

We record our homage and deep admiration for the Womanhood of Hamirpur District. who in the hour of peril for the motherland forsook the shelter of their homes and with unfailing courage and endurance stood shoulder to shoulder with their menfolk. Let us remember women of the freedom era who fought bravely for their country and contributed towards the achievement of independence of the country India. They are still a source of  inspiration to not only women but to all.

Woman's participation in India's freedom struggle began as early as 1817.The first name that comes to mind is that of the famous Rani Rajendra Kumari of Mangrauth. whose heroism and superb leadership laid an outstanding example for all future generations of women freedom fighters. Married to Deewan Shatrughan Singh who was called Hamirpur Gandhi. Anather memorable name is Urmila Devi of Rath the wife of laxmi Bhai Kostha. And Jamuna Devi Wife of Hari Bhai.

Though there are many but here is a list of some of them.

1. Rani Rajendra Kumari w/o Deewan Shatrughan Singh-Mangrauth.
2. Shanti Devi w/o Shripati Sahay Rawat-Jarakhar.
3. Raja Beti w/o Anandi Lal -Jarakhar.
4. Raja Beti - Chhote Lal- Jarakhar.
5. Sundari Devi w/o Thakur Das Rawat - Jarakhar.
6. Urmila Devi w/o Laxmi Bhai Koshtha-Rath.
7. Shrimati Sayyad w/o Maquabool - Rath.
8. Rampyari Devi w/o Ratan Lal Vidyarthi - Rath.
9. Kanti w/o Vrindawan Verma - Rath.
10. Bhagwati Devi Shukla w/o Shambhunath Shukla - Saidpur.
11. Gulab Devi w/o Babu Baijnath - Saidpur.
12.Savitri Devi w/o Bhagwan Das Tiwari - Manjhgawan.
13. Raja Bai w/o Battu - Etailiya.
14. Kasturi Devi w/o Bihari Lal - Sarila.
15. Ganga Devi w/o Uday Bhan - Jariya.
16. Kanti Devi w/ o Pt. Motilal - Hamirpur.
17. Kishori Devi w/o Pt. Motilal - Hamirpur.
18. Girja Devi w/o Nathu Lodhi - Gohand.
19. Girja Devi w/o Bhagwan Das Lodhi - Gohand.
20. Gulab Devi w/o Baijnath - Gohand.
21. Kamalti Devi - Masgaon.
22. Puniya Devi - Maudaha.
23. Shiv Devi - Sumerpur.
24. Bharat Putri w/o Nathu - Gohand.
25. Ganga Devi w/o Udde - Gohand.
26. Manorma Devi w/o Punya Dev Ji - Patna.
27. Rama Devi - Maudaha.
28. Jamuna Devi w/ o Hari Bhai - Rath.

29. Jayanti Devi Agrawal w/ o Madan Mohan Waishya - Hamirpur.

Credit:Samar Gatha by Dr Bhawani deen.

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